Sec notes free essay sample

Two months later, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act, which gave African Americans citizenship and forbade states from passing discriminatory laws- black codes- that severely restricted African Americans lives. Johnson vetoed both the Freedmans Bureau Act and the Civil Rights Acts of 1866, shocking everyone, he alienated the modern Republicans who were trying to improve his Reconstruction plan by doing this. II. Congressional Reconstruction Moderates and Radicals Join Forces Moderate Republicans joined with Radicals to override the presidents vetoes;The Civil Rights Act of 1 866 became the first major legislation ever enacted over a presidential veto. Congress enacted the Fourteenth Amendment, which provided a constitutional basis for the Civil Rights Act. President Johnson advised the Southern states to reject the amendment, thus all but Tennessee rejected it and the amendment was not ratified until 1868. 1866 Congressional Elections The question of who should control Reconstruction became one of the central issues in the bitter 1 866 congressional elections. We will write a custom essay sample on Sec notes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Johnson went on urging voters to elect Representatives who agreed with his Reconstruction logic.Johnson offended many voters with his rough language and behavior. At the election of 1 866, moderate and Radical Republicans won by a landslide over the Democrats; and by March 1867, the 40th Congress was ready to move ahead with its Reconstruction policy. Reconstruction Act of 1867 Radicals and moderates joined in passing the Reconstruction Act Of 1867, which did not recognize state governments formed under the Lincoln and Johnson Plans- except for Tennessee. The act divided ten former Confederate states and turned them into five military districts, each headed by a Union mineral.In order the reenter the Union, a state had to ensure that African- American men could vote, and the state had to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. Johnson Impeached Radical leaders felt President Johnson was not carrying out his constitutional obligation to enforce the Reconstruction Act. The radicals looked for grounds on which to impeach the president- to formally charge him with misconduct in office. The House has the sole power to impeach federal officials, who are then tried in the Senate. In March 1 867, Congress passed the Tenure of OfficeAct which stated that the president could not remove cabinet officers during the term of the president by whom they might have been appointed without the consent of the Senate. When Johnson fired Secretary of War Stanton, his action provoked Radicals with the opportunity so the House brought 1 1 charges of Impeachment ag ainst Johnson. The vote was 35 to 19, one short of the two-thirds majority needed. Ulysses S

20 Reaction Essay Topics Hot and Fresh Topics on Social Stratification

20 Reaction Essay Topics Hot and Fresh Topics on Social Stratification If you are tasked with writing a reaction paper on social stratification, your first step is to select the most appropriate topic, one which has been narrowed down enough to fill the page requirements you have ahead of you. But this is not always easy. There are many topics out there from which to choose and which can make it difficult. Thankfully, you can get a little break by reading the 20 topics on social stratification for a reaction paper listed below. You might even find that one of them is perfect for your reaction paper: The Functionalist Perspective to Social Stratification The Contributions of Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore to Stratification The Role Social Stratification Plays in Social Function Why those Who Perform More Difficult Tasks Are Entitled to More Power and Prestige Social Mobility: Why Social Stratification Benefits from Open Stratification and Social Mobility What Contributes to Social Strata: Beyond Power, Wealth, and Prestige Melvin Tumin’s Theory of Social Stratification: What New Assumptions Are Given Max Weber’s Theory of Social Stratification Karl Marx: The Original Contributor to the Theory of Social Stratification The Positive and Negative Impact Social Stratification has on Society Can Societies Function without the Rules of Social Stratification? Why Closed Social Systems Are Beneficial to Economic Stability: The Case of India Conflict Theory and the Nature of Class: How Social Stratification Was Historically Defined Capitalist Societies: Exploiting the Working Class and Keeping Social Mobility Down The Harmful Impact of Social Stratification on Criminal Behavior The Positive Impact of Social Stratification on Religious Organizations The Role of Wealth and Production on Social Classes How Increases in Wealth Change the Landscape of Social Stratification The Validity of Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore’s Theory of Social Stratification The Validity of the Functionalist Perspective Aren’t those great topics? Naturally these are meant only as a guide for you when you set out to write. You will have specific guidelines which you must follow, as explained by your teacher. Nonetheless, this list gives you some idea of where to start and what kind of topics make for appropriate essays. You can take one of the topics from the list above if it is applicable to your task and use it as the foundation of your next essay. Along with all this useful material you may also check our 12 facts on social stratification and guide for a reaction paper on the subject. Sample Research Paper: Max Weber’s Theory of Social Stratification: What He Influenced For centuries social stratification has been analyzed by sociologists in terms of the causes and the effects it has on society. Karl Marx and Max Weber disagreed implicitly about the nature of class, something which applied to the traditional framework of stratification. Karl Marx based his ideas on the fact that modern society was divided into two groups of people. He divided people based on those who owns all means of production and those who work for production. According to this theory the capitalist societies, particularly those who owned all means of production exploded those who had to work. They did not pay a livable wage nor did they give workers an affordable place to live. Unfortunately it was thought that the workers fail to realize they were being exploited. It was Marx who believed that a revolution was on the horizon especially given the fact that the rich continue to grow richer by exploiting the lower class. His vision however did not come true. Society began to modernize and the working class acquired more education and specific job skills which allowed them to achieve financial success which was not feasible during the time of Karl Marx. Those individuals who were being exploited soon came to appreciate the protection offered by labor laws and unions. Factory workers started to earn salaries which were similar to the middle-class counterparts. It was Max Weber who attacked this seemingly simplistic idea of social stratificati on. Max Weber argued that only property, such as owning the equipment or the factories used for production, is not the only thing which determines the social class in which an individual is placed but rather a small part of that. Social class was better defined by Max Weber to include power and prestige as well as wealth and property. People who run businesses but do not own them are still able to increase production and enjoy greater profits. Max Weber argued that property can bring individuals prestige given the fact that people tend to hold rich people in a higher regard. But this can also come from another source such as an intellectual ability which far surpasses counterparts or athletic ability which is outstanding. In such cases the athletic or individual ability can lead to property if an individual is willing to pay for access to prestige. That being said Webber further defined prestige as something intertwined with wealth. It was Max Weber who believed that social class resulted from power, something which was a reflection on the ability of each individual to get what they want.   As part of his theory, Weber stated that individuals could overcome opposition, something which would lead to increased social mobility. Individuals who were simply hard-working and honest enough to overcome any opposition would be able to achieve greater power and change social classes. Wealthy individuals were more powerful than poor people but that power can come from the prestige of an individual which means that even poor people are able to achieve the same social status as wealthy people. Today sociologists consider social class to be the grouping together of individuals or groups of people who have similar levels of power, wealth, and prestige. It was the contribution of Max Weber to expound upon the ideas presented by Karl Marx which led to the modern understanding of social stratification and the manner in which Western societies divide individuals socially into different strata. Without the extrapolation on the different classes and what contributes to different social strata, modern social stratification would be significantly different if not for Max Weber. References: Esping-Andersen, Gà ¸sta. UNTYING THE GORDIAN KNOT OF SOCIAL INHERITANCE†. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility  21 (2004): 115-138. Web. Gamson, Zelda F. The Stratification Of The Academy.  Social Text  51 (1997): 67. Web. Gupta, Dipankar.  Social Stratification. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1992. Print. Hiller, Peter. SOCIAL REALITY AND SOCIAL STRATIFICATION.  The Sociological Review  21.1 (1973): 77-99. Web. Holmwood, John.  Social Stratification. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 1996. Print. Jackson, J. A.  Social Stratification. London: Cambridge U.P., 1968. Print. Lambert, Paul.  Social Stratification. Farnham: Ashgate, 2011. Print.

Beginning Perl Tutorial on Foreach Loop

Beginning Perl Tutorial on Foreach Loop The foreach loop is a control structure thats tailor-made to process Perl lists and hashes. Just like the for loop, foreach steps through each element of an array using an iterator. How to Step Through an Array in Perl With Foreach Rather than using a scaler as an iterator,  foreach uses the array itself. For example: You see that this gives the same output as printing the array myNames in its entirety: If all you want is to dump out the contents of the list, you could just print  it. In that case, use the foreach loop to make the output a bit more readable. Youll see that this code creates cleaner output by printing a new line after each item in the list. A Cleaner Foreach Loop The previous example used $_ to print each element of the list. Using this default implied scalar ($_) makes for shorter code and less typing, but it isnt always the best solution. If youre aiming for a highly readable code or if your  foreach  loop is complex, you might be better off assigning a  scalar  as your iterator. There are only two differences: the scalar $name between the  foreach  and the list and the replacement of the default scalar with it inside the loop. The output is exactly the same, but the code is slightly cleaner. Keep in mind: A  foreach  loop is a Perl control structure.It is used to step through each  element of an array.

Bachelor's degree is helpful to increasing personal skills Research Paper

Bachelor's degree is helpful to increasing personal skills - Research Paper Example 27s+degree+is+helpful+to+increasing+personal+skills&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ZFDfU7PiDIj54QSDr4CYAg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=bachelors%20degree%20is%20helpful%20to%20increasing%20personal%20skills&f=false http://books.google.co.ke/books?id=PDmMpwbs_CsC&pg=PA15&dq=bachelor%27s+degree+is+helpful+to+increasing+personal+skills&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BXXfU5vTNarB7Aaq8IG4BA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=bachelors%20degree%20is%20helpful%20to%20increasing%20personal%20skills&f=false http://books.google.co.ke/books?id=dH2nB1CX2SMC&pg=PA327&dq=bachelor%27s+degree+is+helpful+to+increasing+personal+skills&hl=en&sa=X&ei=j47fU82-CLLQ7Aaw9IG4Cg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=bachelors%20degree%20is%20helpful%20to%20increasing%20personal%20skills&f=false http://books.google.co.ke/books?id=AHsqIFnnn1YC&pg=PA92&dq=bachelor%27s+degree+is+helpful+to+increasing+personal+skills&hl=en&sa=X&ei=j47fU82-CLLQ7Aaw9IG4Cg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=bachelors%20degree%20is%20helpful%20to%20increasing%20personal%20skills&f=false http://books.google.co.ke/books?id=xrnPJcb7c54C&pg=PA90&dq=bachelor%27s+degree+is+helpful+to+increasing+personal+skills&hl=en&sa=X&ei=n5XfU6LhAqXB7AbujYHgDQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=bachelors%20degree%20is%20helpful%20to%20increasing%20personal%20skills&f=false http://books.google.co.ke/books?id=aSiCCLKHOL0C&pg=PA138&dq=bachelor%27s+degree+is+helpful+to+increasing+personal+skills&hl=en&sa=X&ei=n5XfU6LhAqXB7AbujYHgDQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=bachelors%20degree%20is%20helpful%20to%20increasing%20personal%20skills&f=false The book gives details on the kind of training required for public health professionals. It expounds on the relevant skills required.

Impact of Terrorism on Engineering Developments Essay

Impact of Terrorism on Engineering Developments - Essay Example The number of educated and unemployed youth roaming in the corridors of the cities of many nations has brought much havoc to the social sectors. Activities like terrorism have thrived in these circumstances, where unemployed and highly educated youth, are hired by organizations that are having some deep rooted cause for going against the common accepted ways in the society. They represent a particular group of belief which makes their action more vulnerable to the group of other people or all other people who are in the society. The accepted method for them is to unrest the activities of the civilized society by make destructions to the life and developmental activities of the government. World has faced such major social disasters, and the attack and the destruction of World Trade Center in America was the very commonly known example for this. The impact of such violent activity leads to economic crisis in banking and industrial sectors, engineering and developmental set backs in th e areas of communication and information sectors, social imbalances like unemployment, poverty, post terror trauma among women and children, etc. The term "terrorism" comes from the Latin word terrere, "to frighten" via the French word terrorisme[1]. Terrorism expert Walter liqueur in 1999 has counted over 100 definitions and concludes that the only general characteristic generally agreed upon is that terrorism involves violence and the threat of violence [1]. Though United Nations has not yet accepted any definition of terrorism[1, 2], the UN "academic consensus definition," written by terrorism expert Alex P.Schmid and widely used social scientists, says terrorism is an anxiety-inspiring method of repeated violent action, employed by (semi-) clandestine individual, group or state actors, for idiosyncratic, criminal or political reasons, whereby-in contrast to assassination - the direct targets of violence are not the main targets[1]. In the history there were many terrorist attack carried out by individuals, groups, states and even the governments against the key persons or groups in the same country or other countries. The re were assassinations of world leaders or ministers, public officials or even the leaders of one terrorist group by the other terrorist groups. While individual loses causes major emotional and leadership problems in some groups and countries, the attack on buildings, bridges and other infrastructures and the projects, causing national crisis in developmental process in some countries.There are different kinds of terrorist attacks which are mainly targeting people and the developmental structures in a state or country. While guns, bombs, etc. are used as common tools, biological weapons can cause massive outbreak of diseases and health problems in the society and cyber terrorism can hamper the communication and banking systems. The effect of any major terrorist attack is severe, causing the community in to despair. Lose of businesses, jobs, and life and health trauma to the close victims of incidents. Financial lose, banking and communication system crash, lose of documents and pro perty and further psychological crisis for survival, etc. are severe.Out of all the terrorist attacks in the history, the attack on World Trade Center in U.S. on September 11, 2001, has caused severe shock in the

Morbidity and mortality rates Essay Example for Free

Morbidity and mortality rates Essay Current statistics on road accidents including morbidity and mortality rates for 17-25 year olds In 2011 statistics showed that there were 1,292 deaths, 279 of which involved people aged 17 to 25. This is a decrease as last year it was reported that 336 people between 17 and 25 were killed on Australian roads. The biggest killer of young drivers is speeding and around 80 per cent of those killed are male. Discuss the reason why young people are overrepresented in road accidents A 17 year old driver with a P1 license is four times more likely to be involved in a fatal crash than a driver over 26 years. Young drivers are over represented in all fatal crashes, including drink driving and fatigue. Despite making up only 15 per cent of drivers, young drivers represent around 36 per cent of annual road fatalities. Generally young drivers tend to be willing to take more risks on the road such as driving at night carrying passengers, breaking the speed limit and wreck less driving. With regards to road safety explain why injury has been selected as a national health priority area The national priority areas are selected by the government to eliminate inequities in health status. The priority population groups are those which are shown by research to have had a significant high incidence. Injury has been selected as a priority health issue as it is the principal cause of death in people under 45. Injury is also a leading cause of mortality, morbidity and permanent disability in Australia. ‘Injury accounted for over 1 in 20 of all hospitalisations in Australia in 2007-08, with almost 426,000 injury hospitalisations. ’ (Australias health 2010 pages: 196-198, June 2010) In regards to road safety, injury has been selected due to the rate that people on Australian roads are being injured or killed more regularly. Not only do crashes on the road injure the people in the car, road crashes can injure pedestrians and people in other cars. On average it costs the Australian government 27 billion (National Road Safety Strategy) dollars a year to look after the deaths and injuries of road accidents. Due to the significant costs to the Government road injury has been seen as one of the biggest killers of Australians, due to this things such as the National Road Safety Strategy have been constructed in order to prevent road injuries. Analyse the roles that different levels of government and various organisations have in reducing road trauma In reference to road safety there are many aspects that need to be covered on the different levels of government. The different levels in Australian government are Federal government, State and Local. The Federal government is responsible for distributing and supplying the governments below it with funds to fix roads, put in more speed cameras and have more police to patrol the roads. The State government is in charge of then taking that money they have been given by the Federal government and distributing it to the Local governments, they need to take into account which Local governments are in need of the most financial help. The local government is usually then given the money they require for the private sectors underneath them, the Local government then distributes funds to private sectors who must find someone to fix the roads and put speed cameras or police to do things such as random breath tests. Usually organisations are made to support the laws of the road, for example RADD is an organisation made up of recording artists, actors and athletes to portray the message that drink driving is not â€Å"cool† Organisations such as RADD are made to target younger people in specific and generally between the ages of 17-25 which have the highest rate of drink driving on Australian roads. Evaluate how the draft national road safety strategy has used the 5 action areas of the Ottawa charter in promoting road safety The five action areas of the Ottawa charter are developing personal skills, creating supportive environments, strengthen community action, reorienting health services and building healthy public policies. The areas of the Ottawa charter is based upon the social justice principals, this means the Ottawa charter is working to make health resources an equal right. Developing personal skills involves â€Å"enabling people to learn (throughout life) to prepare themselves for all of its stages and to cope with chronic illness and injuries is essential. This has to be facilitated in school, home, work and community settings. †(Better Health Channel) The draft national road safety strategy has tried to meet this area by â€Å"This means we all need to change the way we think and act in relation to road safety. We need to respond directly to our long-term vision by asking questions such as what would we need to do to prevent serious crashes in this situation? While our achievements may be modest in the first instance, the transformation in our approach will lay down the foundations of the Safe System during the life of this strategy. † Creating Supportive environments involves â€Å"the protection of the natural and built environments and the conservation of natural resources must be addressed in any health promotion strategy. (Better Health Channel) This is used in the draft national road safety strategy as they have the aim to try and involve the community in trying to reserve the lives of wildlife and the natural environment from road trauma. Strengthening Community Action involves â€Å"community development draws on existing human and material resources to enhance self-help and social support, and to develop flexible systems for strengthening public participation in, and direction of, health matters. This requires full and continuous access to information and learning opportunities for health, as well as funding support. † (Better Health Channel) They have included this in the road safety strategy in the following lines â€Å"While individual road users are expected to be responsible for complying with traffic laws and behaving in a safe manner, it can no longer be assumed that the burden of road safety responsibility simply rests with the individual road user. † â€Å"Road safety responsibilities also extend to various professional groups, as well as the broader community. Develop personal skills involves â€Å"enabling people to learn (throughout life) to prepare themselves for all of its stages and to cope with chronic illness and injuries is essential. This has to be facilitated in school, home, work and community settings. † (Better Health Channel) Reorient health services involves â€Å"the role of the health sector must move increasingly in a health promotion direction, beyond its responsibility for providing clinical and curative services. Reorienting health services also requires stronger attention to health research, as well as changes in professional education and training. †

Bone Dreams by Seamus Heaney Essay -- English Literature

Bone Dreams by Seamus Heaney – An Analysis Bone Dreams is an obscure and difficult poem to understand. In all my searching on the internet, I found very little to help me in my analysis of this poem and so the ideas are basically my own. I might be wide of the mark, but for anybody struggling to understand this poem, it might at least give you some ideas of your own. I make no apology for asking questions or for sounding vague or even muddled in places. I hope that this essay is of help to somebody, somewhere. The poem begins in a thoughtful mood; the voice is relaxed, â€Å"White bone found/on the grazing† suggesting that the speaker is walking in the countryside when he discovers a piece of bone in the grass. He uses tactile imagery to describe his find, the bone is â€Å"rough, porous† and has â€Å"the language of touch†. This image would be powerful if not for the mildness of the language, which conveys a musing quality in its passivity, for example, â€Å"found† and â€Å"grazing† - these words have nothing of a hurry about them and suggest a peacefulness of mind in the opening stanzas. He continues to describe the piece of bone, making comparisons with a â€Å"ship-burial† and notes the impressions in the grass as â€Å"yellowing, ribbed†. The word â€Å"ribbed† is suggestive, with its subject matter of bone, to a rib-cage. The bone takes on a significance which is greater than its intrinsic worth – which is nothing – because the speaker equates it with treasure; it is, â€Å"flint-find†, a â€Å"nugget of chalk†, the word nugget being quite often associated with gold, and therefore he says it has a value in itself. â€Å"Flint† suggests history, a link to the stone-age and the find is, in fact, described as being, â€Å"as dead as stone†. So here ... ... little points were the eyes†, as if to say that he had never really seen anything. Furthermore, if he is â€Å"identifying† with the English (if he is the mole) then this poem could be about trying to see through the eyes of the invader and coming to a new understanding through this identification process. The closing lines are highly optimistic, as if the sun has come out from being behind a very large, black cloud; â€Å"I touched small distant Pennines, /a pelt of grass and grain/running south†. The final section as a whole is highly suggestive of discovery or of realisation, of altered perception and of forgiveness for past sins. The poem begins in Ireland with a piece of yellowing bone, but ends in England with a dead mole. The bone found on Irish grass has taken him through a series of thoughts and memories. At the end he seems altered by the experience.

Management Control Systems 4-6

Management Control group 1| Main Case Study 4-6| Mini case study 5-2| Tom Breteler – 930228 | Max Leigh Norman – 910904 Hanway Tran – 831226 16/11/2012| | | Main Case Study 4-6: Grand Jean Company Introduction This case study covers case 4-6 of ‘Management Control Systems’, written by Robert N. Anthony and Vijay Govindarajan (2007, 12th edition). The case discusses Grand Jean Company, a jeans manufacturing company, and describes several processes and issues in their organisation and management.In this report, we will we review and discuss the main problems that Grand Jean Company faces, analyse and propose solutions to these problems. During the course of this report, we will often refer to theory from the aforementioned literature, as well as external sources where needed. Explanations of concepts, theories and jargon will be given where necessary, but references will be provided in the end of the report easy reference. Lastly, we realise our soluti ons have their limitations and are unlikely to be implemented easily, or immediately effective.But we believe that our proposed changes will allow the company to reap the benefits from knowledge sharing and increased efficiency, as both plant managers and contractors can cooperate to find the best practice to accomplish their tasks at hand. Background Grand Jean is a clothing company with a long history, having been founded in the mid 18th century it has survived several great economic crises such as two world wars, the great depression in the late 1920s and the 1970s oil crisis.Having survived so many economic shocks and still be working as a profitable company, it is possible that this has caused top management in Grand Jean to believe that the business model they are employing is a sturdy model that always works. The scientific management model that was developed in the 1910s where cost efficiency and cost analysis was prevalent then; is something that we perceive is still preval ent now in Grand Jean (Anthony & Govindarajan, 2007). Their usage of key metrics is very old fashioned: * Focus on production quota for the factories. Budget estimating a plant’s future production by looking at historic production and add a little more for the following year * Using historic supervisor:employee ratio There seems to be a lot of territorial mentality between the different departments in that each department focus on their own performance, and are willing to intervene in another department to satisfy their own goal. The company also seemed to treat the management and employees at the headquarters more favourably than management and employees at production plants.Problems In this section, we shall further discuss the processes and circumstances at Grand Jean Company and lay out the problems, and more importantly we will explain why they are problems. Firstly, we feel that the company in overall is overly traditional and outdated, resulting in a general lack of fl exibility. The company’s processes and regulations are often strict and overly simplified, which has a negative effect on the realistic day-to-day operations. One of these regulations is the relationships Grand Jean Company has with its ndependent contractors. Grand Jean has 25 company-owned manufacturing plants, which are responsible for about two thirds of the total production; the rest is done by roughly 20 independent manufacturers. Some of these contractors have long-standing relationships with Grand Jean, whereas some are very new and short-term. Contract agreements are made by the production operations’ vice president, Tom Wicks, and a ceiling price is set for each individual type of pants.If a contractor complies with Grand Jean’s quality and reliability standards, they get paid the full ceiling price, but if Grand Jean is unsure, a lower price is paid until the contractor has proven himself. This leads to a high turnover rate for contractors, considerin g the intense domestic and foreign competition in the garment industry. Strict demands combined with lower financial (as well as non-financial) support can be incredibly taxing for new contractors, resulting in them not reaching the desired quotas.Grand Jean then immediately terminates the relationship, and does not try to aid its contractors in any way that we have noticed. This is a waste of invested time and resources in the relationship, which could be easily avoided by closer collaboration and communication, combined with more a more flexible framework. The existing facilities are not used for a period of time; which is an additional  waste of resources. The key metrics that Grand Jean use to evaluate the company’s performance are very outdated.The main focus throughout the company is to focus on production output and metrics that affect or can be derived from focusing on production quantity e. g. production/year, standard hours/pair. However, there seems to be no cons ideration of metrics that affect the overall performance of the company. As mentioned before, the contractor’s that failed to meet expectations were usually just replaced by a new contractor in the same existing facility, this is an activity that impacts the company’s overall performance, as time and money has to again be spent re-negotiating terms of agreement, setting up and starting production lines.Overall the key metrics do not focus on activities that can have a more profound impact on the company’s performance. The heavy focus on production quota causes the company to miss other aspects that could generate improvements e. g. in plant efficiency, gross profit margin, overhead- and back office costs. The heavy focus on production also caused some plant managers to hoard goods to be able to meet production quota. Grand Jean makes use of 5 separate marketing departments, this is motivated with the fact that they sell to different customers.We consider the dep artment structure of marketing in the current state to be obsolete, because it doesn’t make efficient use of the knowledge that can be obtained by having cross-departmental communication or by unifying the marketing department into one big unit. Having such similar functions in 5 departments creates a lot of overhead when it comes to research and demand forecasting. The 25 company-owned plants are treated as expense centres, implying their only goal is to reach a quota at a price as low as possible. If the focus is purely on getting the lowest cost per product possible, quality is likely to fall behind.Additionally, the plants are run on a tight regulatory system based on time-and-motion systems resembling Taylor’s scientific method; making it obviously outdated, made worse by the odd use of fixed learning curves: implying learning curves are a system to be applied instead of an ongoing process. Entire budgets are made extrapolating the production time for a single pai r of jeans, and mass scale benefits are religiously pursued; resulting in an extreme lack of flexibility which severely harms the collaboration and communication with the marketing department.A major problem as well is the restrictiveness of the production quotas. Like the budgets, the quotas too are extrapolated from individual production time per pair of jeans, and administered relentlessly: the budgets are pre-made monthly one year ahead of time, and there is no indication of any adaptation being made during that year. This obviously leads to an inability to react to changes, and is overly simplistic to say the least. Additionally, the bar of budgets and quotas is raised monthly (! , because â€Å"we expect people to improve around here† (Anthony & Govindarajan, 2007). Shockingly, these decisions are made arbitrarily without regard to external circumstances. If a plant reaches the quota, it is decided to have performed well, regardless of delivered quality, and if not, the plant is considered to have been working at a sub-reasonable level of speed and efficiency. Grand Jean acknowledges worker turnover and absenteeism are big problems in the plants, yet they do not show any awareness of any link from those problems to the strict quotas.Feedback is given monthly via phone, instead of in person, to see if the plants met the allowed standard labour hours compared to the actual labour hours, which is an accounting related principle that is often unsuited for practical issues such as production. This has negative consequences, the most disturbing being the plant managers retaining a safety stock when they exceed the quota, in order to make sure they can reach the quota again next year. This is done because production over the quota is not rewarded, and production is expected to increase from the year before, no matter how high the figures are.Considering Grand Jean has to turn down orders every end of the year, this is a shame when it comes to the usage o f resources, production and profit potential. Still, Grand Jean claims to look for other things but the quota as well when evaluating plants, such as the quality of the community relations and employee satisfaction. There are no concrete standards shown in the case for these measurements however, making the rating and bonus allocation system very arbitrary and subjective.This resulted in the finance and marketing departments being rewarded higher ratings than the production plants; which is particularly questionable considering most top-managers are from finance and marketing backgrounds. To us, this smells of favouritism, which is never a basis for a proper rating system, which should of course be objective and fair i. e. have procedural justice. Also, it was issued in the case that offices are often understaffed because Mr. Wicks consistently adheres to the traditional supervisor/worker ratio of 11:1, although the fact simply is that that ratio is insufficient and outdated.Plant m anagers feared to deviate from that ratio due to the fact that Mr. Wicks managed a plant with that ratio. This causes the plants to run with a supervisor/work ratio that doesn’t adapt to the changing external environment (Anthony & Govindarajan, 2007). Lastly, the company does not properly acknowledge the differences in technology and equipment and age of the plants, instead Grand Jean demands equal performance from them all. This is obviously not prudent, and results in the older plants having more difficulties in reaching the quota.Proposed solutions The company needs to improve the communication channels between the marketing and production departments. It seems as though these departments are working completely independently from each other which is concerning as their relationship is one of the most important within the organisation. Production relies on quantity targets set by the marketers, by having much more regular meetings, face to face rather than on the phone, th ere should be a reduced risk of drastic changes in quantity needed.It is more likely that a closer relationship between these departments will cause incremental changes in production which is much easier and cheaper to manage. Consequently there will be much less wastage or excess goods being produced. Continuing with the theme of collaboration, the 5 marketing departments need to work as parts of the same unit, rather than individual units with the same name. The text refers to some departments going about their own business in order to meet aims and objectives, even if these actions have negative consequences for other departments.All departments in the organisation are trying to add value to the end product but this should not be done by trampling on others who are trying to achieve the same goal. The managers or each marketing department need to meet and ensure that no actions taken by their individual units have a negative impact for another. This is not to say there shouldnâ⠂¬â„¢t be a competitive nature within the firm but it should be regulated so as not to cause harmful repercussions. At present, the rating system and bonus allocation system seems quite subjective and inexact.Firstly, the bias that occurs in favour of the financial departments needs to be eradicated. This could be done by outsourcing the task of rating the departments. As long as the external firm knew the industry and had a set of strict guidelines as to how to rate the performance of each department, there would be no bias and ratings between departments should be more evenly spread out. Currently, there is no incentive for plants to produce at maximum efficiency because if they happen to go over quota, they do not get rewarded for doing so.This ties in nicely with the second aspect of the ratings system. The case provided no exact guidelines to which each department was being assessed. Mr Wicks would call the departments and have a conversation about whether or not they met their production quota and generally ‘how things are’. The managers need to have face to face meetings and joint plant inspections in order to really gauge how production is performing; this will give a much more accurate picture and enable bonuses to be allocated more precisely.Contractors produce around a third of Grand Jean Company’s stock and as such, are an integral part of the production process. Instead of initially offering a lower price, Grand Jean could reduce uncertainty by allowing their contractors time to move up the learning curve by allowing them a lower quantity to be produced, which would be gradually increased once product quality and production reliability is delivered. Thus building Grand Jean’s relationship with their contractors, and avoiding resource destruction, despite the existing facilities being re-used.The reduced contractor turnover would increase the utilisation of the plants which will lend itself to increased production in the long term. As has been mentioned previously, some of the plants are up to 30 years old whereas some are as new as only 5 years old, however, there seems to be no allowance for this is the targets set by the company. It stands to reason that 30 years old technology is much more likely to; breakdown, be more costly to maintain, and be less efficient than 5 year old technology.Therefore, the quotas and maximum output of each plant should be heavily related to how new the plant and the technology is, presuming the staff are of equally skilled between the plants. Therefore, plant managers need to work more closely with market departments because they will be able to work out what targets are suitable for each plant rather than a ‘one size fits all’ quota system which at present, isn’t working particularly effectively. These new targets could be achieved through an initial meeting and assessment of the factory and review meetings every month to make sure the targets ar e being met.The current budgeting system is extremely primitive. The departmental managers review figures from the previous year and ‘add on a few’ because they assume the efficiency has increased and the staff ‘should’ have gotten better at their jobs. Whether these sweeping statements have some truth or not, it is obvious Grand Jean need to have a more specific budgeting and planning strategy. Using a more realistic budgeting system with more stretch would create actual learning curves instead of artificial, fixed ones.Due to more flexible targets and specific information from each individual plant capacities being used, coupled with the prospect of being rewarded for going over quota production, there should no longer be any need to hoard safety stock in order to meet targets later on in the year. Conclusion To conclude, it can be said that current affairs at Grand Jean Company are rigid and outdated, specifically in the areas of contracting relationship s, internal communication, budgeting, and reward systems. Our paper has described and explained the main issues at hand, and provided possible solutions to these problems as well.With these fixes in place, we as a team feel that Grand Jean could greatly improve its way of doing business. Mini Case Study 5-2: North Country Auto, Inc. It is prevalent that in North Country Auto, Inc. (NCA) the separate business units operated more as independent companies than subdivisions within a company. The business units’ managers themselves were aware of the problematic dilemma that the focus on their own profitability caused to the overall result of the company; even being fully aware that there were recurring situations that would have benefited the company had one department accepted a lower profit.The company lacks goal congruence between its business units, and Mr. Liddy’s endorsement of the current company structure doesn’t do anything to remedy the current friction. In stead of focusing on activities that create true value towards its customers, the company is engaging in accounting activities that do nothing to remedy the lack of goal congruence. We think Mr. Liddy should abandon the current structure for the new car-, used car- and service department, and instead structure it up with main business units, new and used car sales as one and body shop as the second one, with the service- and parts department operating as support.The new and used car sales and body shop would operate as profit centres with the service- and parts unit operating as an expense centre. To create goal congruence within the company, the department performance dependant bonuses should be removed. Instead NCA should implement a two tiered bonus program, the company’s performance should account for the larger part of the bonus program, to make sure that the department managers aren’t only thinking of their own performance.A suggestion would be to have a 20% depa rtment dependant and 80% company dependant bonus system. This would still allow a department with excellent performance to get a good reward for their above standard performance. This would increase the probability that the now different departments strive to work together to keep overall profits up and overall expenses down. Such a reward system would shift the personnels’ focus on the company’s total performance.The company should implement on one unified IT-system to make it easier to share information and hence promote inter departmental communications, thereby increasing the possibility of achieving synergy effects from the collective knowledge within the organisation. Restructuring the workflow, IT-systems and organisational structure itself won't achieve any positive effects, if the employees and managers themselves don’t embrace the new organisational structure, the whole reform will just end up being a new organization on paper.Hence why Mr. Liddy will have to be prepared to put in considerable effort to show that top management is supporting the new organisation that we propose. While it is possible to estimate a time frame for implementing a new workflow and information system, it is more difficult to estimate a time frame for when peoples’ behaviour will actually change. Without a change in behaviour, there is very a low possibility to gain any synergy effects from the new organisational structure.To implement this new organisation we propose a parallel multistage process; this requires top management to work on designing a new workflow, information system, organisational structure. And educate and involve department managers and employees to gain support for the new organisation to secure a working implementation. Bibliography Anthony, R. N. ; Govindarajan, V. (2007). MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS. 12th Edition. Net MBA website. [Online] Consulted on the 12-11-2012. URL: http://www. netmba. com/mgmt/scientific/ Appendix Pr oposal for new organisational structure for NCA.

Pets Should Be Treated As A Member Of The Family

Should we treat pets like human beings? Some people believe that pets should not be treated like human beings because people spend too much money on their pets. For example, they spend money on their insurance, on their health and many more. In other hand, many people believe that pets should be treated like human beings. Those people believe that pets have emotions as human beings. I think that it is a right approach to treat pets as members of the family because pets share the same living space with us, bring us a lot of joy and emotions.People usually bring pets in their houses for various reasons. People with disabilities have pets which helps them in many different ways, for instance, dogs can provide help to the disable people in daily activities. Therefore, these people need someone like pets all day around to feel themselves secure. They need someone on whom they can rely when doing basic things such as crossing the roads or stepping down the stairs.These are the things that normal people do habitually however; for people with disabilities these are the challenges they have to deal with every day. It goes without saying that pets that help people to cope with everyday life are truly family members and should be rewarded for their sacrifice to human beings. Why then pets should not be treated like human beings if they share some of the characteristics that relate to humans? On the other hand, pets are not like any other animals in our planet.We should give them respect their dignity even if they are just animals. When Pets are ill should be given most care and love as we are giving it to our children. We have to give a certain portion of attention as we are giving it to our children. Pets are not that intelligent as humans but they feel that we love them and pay us in the same way by helping our life. In conclusion, I think that pets deserve to be treated as human beings since they help us to overcome difficulties.

Professional Regulations and Criminal Liabilities Essay Example

Professional Regulations and Criminal Liabilities Essay Example Professional Regulations and Criminal Liabilities Paper Professional Regulations and Criminal Liabilities Paper Professional Regulations and Criminal Liabilities Pearl Street HCS/430 Joann Wilcox February 13, 2011 Consumer concerns have increased over the past few years because of the dramatic changes in health care information and its’ delivery (Benfield, Ashkanazi, Rozensky 2006). Each day patients put their physical health and trust in the hands of health care providers. Unfortunately, there have been times when the treatment provided, whether accidental or intentional, has caused harm to the patient. Patients who have experienced injury have the right to lodge a complaint against that provider. Included in the possible reasons for civil complaints is the sharing of personal information, negligence, or assault. These injuries are considered civil wrongs and are covered under Tort Law. In recent years, with the advances in technology, patient privacy has become imperative. In order to protect patient privacy the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 was enacted, and is part of the Department of Health and Human Services, regulated by the Office of Civil Rights. Health care providers must take care to protect the privacy of their patients at all times. HIPAA regulations provide a guideline to help protect not only the patient, but also employees, from divulgence of their personal information to non-involved third parties. Providers of health care should be acquainted with the rules and regulations that guide HIPAA and the subsequent violations. Information is necessary to provide adequate and correct patient care. The guidelines to protect patient privacy should be followed but are open for interpretation. Providers should be steered by professional principals and ethics (Lo, Dornbrand, Dubler 2005). Health care providers must understand the difference between privacy and confidentiality. Privacy is the right of individuals to keep personal information restricted. Patients decide who has access to their information. Confidentiality is how medical personnel deal with information once it has been disclosed. Patients’ believe that their health care providers will protect their privacy and use any personal information in an ethical manner (Ives, E, Millar, S. 2005). When providers of care breach that trust, atients may take action in the form of a formal complaint to the Department of Health and Human Services. When patients discover that their personal information has been unnecessarily shared, they may file a complaint against the physician, staff, or facility. To file a complaint, patients must follow the guidelines set by the local, state, or federal government. The process for a civil complaint to HIPAA begins with a written complaint, and can be in the form of a letter, fax or e-mail. Letters sent via mail or fax must be sent to the Office of Civil Rights regional offices. According to the Health and Human Services Department this form must include the name of the health care provider or facility, a description of the violation and be submitted in a timely manner, usually but not limited to 180 days. Supporting documentation, such as notarized witness statements should be included. The claim is then reviewed and a decision made whether the health care provider has violated the patients’ privacy. There are both civil and criminal penalties associated with disclosure of patient information. The Office for Civil Rights (OCR), a division of the Department of Health and Human Services, is responsible for investigating claims of privacy violations. According to the OCR, the guidelines for investigation include the timing of the allegation, if it took place after the rules for privacy protection took place, or after Aril 14, 2003 for privacy and after April 20, 2005 for security. A complaint must be filed against a facility or individual who is required, by law, to observe the Privacy and Security Rule such as a health plan or health care provider that electronically submits claims. Businesses exempt from these Rules would be life insurance companies, employers, schools, or child protective service agencies, law enforcement or municipalities. The complaint must also violate the rules of privacy and security, so a claim could not be made against a facility submitting information for the purpose of payment for services. If a person suspects a violation has occurred, a claim must be submitted within 180 days of the suspected violation, unless extenuating circumstances are involved. The process of evaluation begins when the information is received by the OCR.. Once a claim is received, essential information is obtained and an evaluation made about the timeliness of the claim. Jurisdiction must be decided and if the claim does not fall under the OCR, a referral is made to the correct agency. The claimant must be notified of the receipt of the claim in 10 days. The Resolution Manual for the OCR then outlines the procedures to complete the claim process. Included in that process is the determination of urgency, notification to the facility or health care provider of the claim, and an acceptance letter and consent form are sent to the claimant. Investigation of the claim continues and requires several steps. Case planning, communication with the health providers involved, obtaining and following through with information requests, evidence collection, and interviews are included in this process. Determination of the next step is dependent on the previous findings. The case can then be resolved or referred to the Department of Justice for criminal prosecution. If the complaint is a civil matter, the Office of Civil Rights will continue with an investigation. Evidence gathering can involve interviews, review of the submitted documents and visits to the facility or provider in question. If OCR decides that a complaint is valid, the parties involved will be notified. An attempt is made to come to a resolution of the issue. The provider can then voluntarily comply with the OCR decision, which can include corrective action or some other agreement. The Office of Civil Rights then files formal findings. In a civil case, in which it is determined that the violation was an unknown breach of patient confidential information, the minimum fine, according to Health and Human Services, is 100 dollars per violation, and can increase to 25. 000 dollars per calendar year. The maximum is a fine of 50,000 dollars for each violation and can be repeated up to 1. 5 million dollars per calendar year. The OCR then monitors the compliance of the resolution to establish that the corrective measures have been implemented. Non-compliance to the recommendations of the OCR can lead to suspension of Federal financial aid or referral to the Department of Justice for further action. Not only can providers be held accountable for their actions to OCR, but also according to Occupational Health Management, they may also face disciplinary sanctions from state government licensing boards and professional associations. The Department Of Justice becomes involved in violations of HIPAA when the infringement is deemed an offense where the provider was aware of the breach of confidentiality. HIPAA is a federal law. As with any federal law, violations of HIPAA are considered a felony. If convicted, according to the DOJ, a provider may be fined a minimum of 50,000 dollars and one year in prison for knowingly violates a persons’ privacy rights or the maximum amount of 250,000 dollars and up to 10 years in prison, if the purpose is to use information for identity theft that results in personal gain. Federal violations are felonies and carry all the consequences of a felony conviction. Conclusion Health care providers, facilities and support staff must always be aware of the responsibility their job entails. The patient has entrusted them to diagnose, treat and educate them about their health issues. This trust includes protection of the patients’ privacy rights. Providers of health care must share some of this confidential information with certain third party entities. The inadvertent or deliberate disclosure of patient information can lead to legal ramifications. The patient health record is a tool for care. Emerging regulations to protect that record permits the patient to be the acknowledged owner of that information (Ives, Millar, 2005). Health professionals have an ethical duty to protect that information. When that trust is breached, patients have options. The Office of Civil Rights, working as an agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, handles civil complaints against providers that may have violated patient privacy. The role of the OCR is to determine if a violation has occurred, establish a resolution, ensure compliance, or refer to the Department of Justice for criminal prosecution. Protecting the rights and privacy of information has been a long-standing ethical responsibility of health care providers. As we move forward, more advances in technology will require adherence to privacy rules and regulations that protect the privacy of the patients treated. References Benefield, H. Ashkanazi, G. Rozensky, R. (2006) Communication and records: hipaa Issues when working in a health care setting Professional Psychology; Research and Practice 37(3) 273-277 DOI 10. 1037/0735-7028. 37. 3. 273 Department of Health and Human Services (2011) What the OCR considers during intake review Retrieved from www. hhs. gov Feb. 09, 2011 Department of Health and Human Services (20110) Enforcement process Retrieved from www. hhs. gov Feb. 09, 2011 Department of Health and Human Services (2011) How to file a complaint Retrieved From www. hhs. gov Feb. 09, 2011 Ives, E. Millar, S. (2005) Caring for patients while respecting their privacy: renewing our commitment Online Journal of Nursing Vol. 10(2) Retrieved from EBSCOHost Feb. 10,2011 Lo, B. Dornbrand, L, Dublar, N. (2005) HIPAA and patient care: the role for professional judgment Journal of the American Medical Association 14(1) 1766- 1771 Retrieved from www. jama. ama Feb. 09,2011

Defining a Good SAT Score

Defining a Good SAT Score SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips While the definition of a â€Å"Good SAT Score† is can seem subjective, in fact, there are valid and objective ways to quantify it. In this article, I’ll go through four different methods you can use to decide what a good SAT score means for you. Having the wrong definition can be catastrophic to your college future, and having the right definition can be a strong motivator to achieve your SAT goals. What’s a Good Score Compared to the US Population? First, to understand what a good SAT score is, you must have a rough feeling for what the SAT scores of the US population of high school students look like overall. If you're not applying to the same colleges as the "average American," you might lack this broader perspective. The SAT in January 2016 and before is scored on a 2400 scale. The top score is 2400, and the bottom score is 600. The new SAT, which starts in March, will be scored on a 1600 point scale, so the maximum and minimum scores will change to 1600 and 400. The SAT gives students percentile rankings that show them how high their score is relative to other students across the country who took the test. I'll give you the scores defined by these percentiles for the current SAT and provide predicted scores for the new SAT. According to the most recent data: Ten percent of students score below an 00, so below an 00 is verylow score nationally. This should translate to around a 730 on the new SAT. The 25th percentile is around a 1300, so a score below 1300 isslightly low. This should translate to around an 870 on the new SAT. The 50th percentile mark is around a 1500; anything within 50-100 points of 1500 is an average score. This should translate to around a 1000 on the new SAT. The 75th percentile score is around a 1700, so anything above this isa great score. This should translate to around an 30 on the new SAT. The 90th percentile cutoff is around a 1900.Above this, you're in reach of the elite range of scores.This score should translate to around a 1270 on the new SAT. Read this article for more information on national score percentiles. Keep in mind that the predictions for the new SAT are very tentative since we only have data from the old version of the test. The scores that correspond to each percentile may change depending on how well students adapt to the new test. What’s a Good Score Compared to Your Peers? Unless you are exactly the average American, comparing yourself against the US national average may not be appropriate. You should care about what a good SAT score is for *you* personally, and a reasonable proxy is your peer group. After all, your peer group may have grown up in the same environment and have similar expectations for SAT scores. If you're a football star at an athletics-heavy high school, your varsity football team is a better comparison pool than a class of math geniusesin a selective private high school (and vice versa). In this case, the best method for determining where you stand is to ask at least four people in your peer group what their SAT scores are. This way you can get a sense of how you're doing. If you're way below all four, then you're doing poorly. If you're scoring better than two, then you're doing well. And if you're doing better than all four, you're doing spectacularly. The gold standard for comparison is the SAT score range of people in your peer group. Fortunately, you don't have to doallthe hard work! We did some heavily lifting for you and compiled data from two peer groups of competitive students. Honors students in the top third of their class: If you're in the top third of your class, to be in the 75th percentile on the SAT, you'll need to score 1928 or better. Thus, honor students should considerabout 1900 or more(around 1250-1300 on the new SAT)to be a good SAT score. Students in the top 10% of their class, or students in top 10% school districts. For this group, the 75th percentile score is as high as 2100. A stellar student should shoot for 2100 (around 1400 on the new SAT) as an SAT score goal. Students in National Honors Society may have a higher SAT target score. What Is aGood SAT Score for College? Even better than comparing against your peers is comparing against the scores of admitted students at a college that interests you. After all, most people take the SAT for college. It makes the most sense to start with figuring out what a good college is for you and then work backward to determine a target SAT score. The best way to figure outwhat score you should shootforis to look up the average test scores at the college of your choice and see where you fall.Most schools will give a range from the 25th percentile score to the 75th percentile score.If you’re hoping for a solid chance of admission, you should be aiming for the 75th percentile score at colleges that interest you.Consult this article on finding your target score for more details on how to find and interpret these numbers. If you look up the average scores at a college of your choice and find that your scores are much higher, you might consider aiming for a more competitive school.Doing socould give you a much more fulfilling learning experience. Selectivecolleges will have a driven student community and offer intellectually challenging classes.You’re likely to learn more at these schools, have access to greater opportunities, and be looked upon favorably in the future when you’re trying to find a job or apply to grad school. If you’re aiming for Ivy League or other highly competitive schools like Stanford and MIT, you’ll find that the 75th percentile score is sometimes close or equivalent to a perfect 2400.Obviously, you’re not going to be able to score any higher than this.In general, for these schools, you’ll need to have a 2200 or higher to end up with a reasonable chance of admission (most likely in the 1450-1500 range on the new SAT).College admissions have become extremely competitive lately, so these schools have had to adopt higher and higher standards to weed out students from the vast numbers of applications they receive. You may also choose to attend one of the Poison Ivy League schools I'm planning on founding. Coursework consists solely of going on hikes and learning how to recognize and treat poison ivy while playing poison ivy-related pranks on real Ivy League schools. What’s a Good Score for You? One of the best definitions of a good SAT score is based on your own potential. After all, if the best you can do is a 1300, and you get a 1280, then that's an excellent score. Conversely, if your potential is a 2300, then even a 2000 is a bad score for you personally. In considering what a â€Å"good score† means, it’s important to take stock of your starting point and limitations.In other words, you should be competing with yourself first and foremost to try and improve from your baseline score.Try studying for ten hours or so, and take a practice test.Treat this score as your baseline score. Students usually can improve on this score by 250 points or more with dedicated studying (this should translate to around a 170-point improvement on the new SAT). Many students find that they hit the upper limit of SAT studying toleration after 40-80 hours of studying.If you manage to do this amount of focused studying, the score you end up with should be a good one based on your own standards.If you ended up with a low score on the baseline test and didn’t improve much after a lot of studying, you might need to reassess your study habits and make sure that you really understand your mistakes.For a student who scores low initially, any score that indicates an improvement of more than 200 points (or more than 130 points on the new SAT) should be considered a good score. You after a long shift in the SAT factory. What's Next? Aiming high for college? Read our articles on how to get a 2400 on the SAT and what it takes to get into the most selective schools. If you're working on raising your score to reach your goals, check out my article that lists 15 quick tips for improving your SAT score. Worried about the discrepancy between your high GPA and low SAT score? Find out how to deal with this dilemma. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Samantha Lindsay About the Author Samantha is a blog content writer for PrepScholar. Her goal is to help students adopt a less stressful view of standardized testing and other academic challenges through her articles. Samantha is also passionate about art and graduated with honors from Dartmouth College as a Studio Art major in 2014. In high school, she earned a 2400 on the SAT, 5's on all seven of her AP tests, and was named a National Merit Scholar. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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Democracy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Democracy - Essay Example Democracy has certain salient characteristics to it that makes it the most favorite and also distinguishes it from other forms of governments and rulings. Elections are held after a constant time period mostly four to five years. The prime minister is the head of state in a democratic state. A republic state is one where the President enjoys more power and authority than the Prime Minister. The rules of business are devised through a constitution which is either in written form or in oral. Parliament is the place where representatives of the people gather and discuss the local and national issues. Local parliaments are in place on state and province level. This is one of the dominant forms of government across the world. With nearly three fourth of the countries on earth being democratic. It is considered as sign of the freedom and level prosperity. The relatively progressive nations of the world are stressing for implementation of democracy in those parts of the world where dictator ship and non representative form of government is in place. India is the country with second largest population and is the largest democracy. The notable feature of Indian democracy is the fact that it has never been derailed by the forceful overthrow of the dictators and Army unlike many countries. One of the centre of attractions in Southern Asia and came into existence in 1947 along side its neighbor Pakistan with whom the ties have never been too friendly. The last elections were held in 2009. Member of the Sikh community Manmohan Singh is the prime minister of the country and represents the Congress party. Though the rising population is a serious concern yet, the stable state of institutions and direct election of people’s representatives holds the key to the progress of nation. With the economy on the rise, India is strong contender for becoming one of the might of Asia in coming years with development in the field of science and technology and education. Democracy has a considerable role in the entire state of India as it stands currently. Tunisia is situated in Africa on the coasts of Mediterranean Sea and remained a colony of France until 1950s. However it did not get to have taste of democracy for nearly three decades and was under the reign of Habib Bourguiba. He was followed by Zine al Abidine Ben Ali. His extensive rule came to an end in 2011 when an interim government was put in place. Much is expected of the interim set up with regard to hopes for a true democracy that would be representative of the wishes of the people of Tunisia. Venezuela is situated in South America. The country is rich in natural resources, mostly the oil, coal and gold. Having mentioned the natural resources, the bulk of the population still lives below the poverty line and inflation is on a constant rise. The country and its people still aspire for a true democracy with hopes of improvement in lifestyle and living, however much to the contrary the leaders most not ably the president himself is aiming at a new form of socialism. Hugo Chavez is the leader who is the lone dominant force of the entire scenario. It has been under the influence of the socialist states of the world, and most notably the former Soviet Union. The relations are quite sour on the international front, especially with the United States of America that consider the president a serious threat towards the internal stability of Venezuela and the freedom and prosperity of the people of